Title: Allelopathic cover crops to reduce herbicide use in sustainable agricultural systems

Author(s): Nagabhushana GG, Worsham AD, Yenish JP

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 133-146 JUL 2001

Abstract: No matter how one may define sustainable agriculture, use of soil-conserving cropping practices, less synthetic herbicide inputs and better weed control would be compatible components. Previously, these components were considered incompatible, since it was widely believed that soil-conserving practices required increased pesticide use, including herbicides. However, we have shown that environmental and ecological differences between the no-till and conventional tillage can enhance the control of certain weed species in no-till cropping systems. With proper choice and manipulation of cover crops and residues, it is often possible to reduce the herbicides use. Thus, in eliminating tillage, by utilizing the surface mulch and allelochemicals leached from a killed cover crop and using most effective herbicides when needed, weed management has become much more effective in no-till. In North Carolina, we have grown soybean (Glycine max L.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in killed heavy mulches of rye (Secale cereale L.) without herbicides, other than a non-selective one to kill the rye. Early-season control of broadleaf weeds such as sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.), morningglory spp. (Ipomoea spp.), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.), prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and pigweed spp. (Amaranthus spp.) has been 80 to 95%. Rye is the most weed suppressing cover crop among several small grains and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) the most suppressive legumes. This approach will still enhance agricultural sustainability because; (a) productive top-soil will be conserved, (b) herbicide use (especially preemergence herbicides) can be reduced and (c) herbicides for cover crop kill and postemergence selective herbicides, even if used, have little potential for environmental contamination.

Author Keywords: allelopathy; cover crops; environmental contamination; herbicide reduction; soil erosion; weed control

KeyWords Plus: RYE SECALE-CEREALE; CORN ZEA-MAYS; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; NO-TILLAGE CORN; WEED-CONTROL; LIVING MULCH; HAIRY VETCH; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; PLANT RESIDUES

Addresses: Nagabhushana GG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA

Title: Allelopathy in parasitic weed management: Role of catch and trap crops

Author(s): Chittapur BM, Hunshal CS, Shenoy H

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 147-159 JUL 2001

Abstract: Integrated weed management systems involving catch crops and trap crops art: needed to reduce the herbicides use in agriculture. The catch or trap cropping is done to induce the germination of parasitic weeds seed but do not allowing it to produce seed. The effective catch crops viz., fodder millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench.), corn (Zea mays L.), sudangrass (Sorghum Sudanense Stapf.) have been identified for the management of Striga asiatica [(L.) O.Kuntze] and the cowpea (Vigna catjang Walp.) for S. gesnerioides [(Wild.) Vatke]. Cotton (Gossypium spp.), soybean (Glycine mar L. Merr.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) are the important trap crops. Intercropping of soybean or peanut with sorghum effectively controls the S. hermonthica [(Del.) Benth]. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a useful trap crop for Orobanche ramosa L., O. cernua Loefl, O. crenata Forsk. and O. aegyptica Pers. In India, sunnhemp (Crotolaria juncea L.), blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.), greengram (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) have shown good potential for Orobanche control. Rotation of trap crop reduces the population of Orobanche and 3 to 4 years long rotation of catch/trap crops provides its effective control. Sorghum/maize/paddy (Oryza sativa)-tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) rotation reduces the infestation and weed biomass of Orobanche. Relay cropping of tobacco in capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and peanut also reduces the incidence of Orobanche.

Author Keywords: catch crop; Cuscuta sp; host parasite relation; Orobanche sp; Striga sp; trap crop

KeyWords Plus: OROBANCHE-AEGYPTIACA; STRIGA-HERMONTHICA; SORGHUM; FLAX

Addresses: Chittapur BM (reprint author), Univ Agr Sci, Dharwad, Karnataka 580005 India

Title: Sensitive bioassay to evaluate toxicity of aromatic acids to cucumber seedlings

Author(s): Pramanik MHR, Asao T, Yamamoto T, Matsui Y

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 161-169 JUL 2001

Abstract: Effects of nine aromatic acids found in cucumber root exudates on the growth of its seedlings were evaluated under sterile or unsterile conditions with or without renewing test nutrient solutions. Under non-renewal conditions. although within 24 h. the decrease was not always pronounced hut the concentrations of acids were decreased by microbial decomposition and plant uptake during the bioassay. While under daily renewal of test solutions, where the decline in acid concentration was compensated, all the acids strongly inhibited seedling growth, leaf area development and chlorophyll content. Growth inhibition under renewal conditions was greater than those under non-renewal conditions. The inhibition data were described well by nonlinear, least-square curve-fitting method using the Michaelis-Menten type equation, which expressed the relationship between the growth inhibition and acid concentration. Among the acids examined. 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid showed the greatest affinity for cucumber root and was the strongest inhibitor. The bioassay with daily renewal of test solution is a practical and sensitive method for the quantitative evaluation of inhibitory effects of aromatic acids on plant growth.

Author Keywords: allelopathy; aromatic acids; autotoxicity; bioassay; cucumber; Cucumis sativus; microbial decomposition; plant uptake

KeyWords Plus: PHYTOTOXIC SUBSTANCES; NUTRIENT CULTURE; LEAF EXPANSION; ALLELOPATHY; SATIVUS; ROOTS; SOIL

Addresses: Pramanik MHR (reprint author), Shimane Univ, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Nishikawatsu 1060, Matsue, Shimane 6908504 Japan
　

Title: Morphological changes in tissue culture of Petunia hybrida in response to coumarin allelochemical

Author(s): Abenavoli MR, Sorgona A, Muscolo A

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 171-177 JUL 2001

Abstract: Coumarin induces metabolic and morphofunctional changes in Petunia hybrida leaf explants. The tissues grown in the presence of coumarin show long roots with few root hairs. However, the leaf explants grown with indoleacetic acid show short roots with abundant root hairs. The presence of both indoleacetic acid and coumarin induces long roots with numerous root hairs. The presence of both indoleacetic acid and coumarin induces long roots with numerous root hairs. Peroxidase and IAA-oxidase activity were analysed. Results obtained indicate that coumarin may control the endogenous auxin level interfering with peroxidase systems. The IAA-oxidase activity remains low in the culture tissues treated with coumarin. Peroxidase and esterase isoforms in leaf explant extracts, treated with coumarin, exhibit a pattern similar to those induced by indoleacetic acid. Acting as a plant growth regulator and affecting auxin metabolism, coumarin interferes with differentiation processes.

Author Keywords: callus tissue culture; coumarin; esterase; IAA-oxidase; indoleacetic acid; peroxidase; Petunia hybrida

KeyWords Plus: INVITRO

Addresses: Abenavoli MR (reprint author), Univ Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento Agrobiol & Agrochim, Piazza San Francesco 1, Calabria, I-89061 Italy
　

Title: Allelopathic plants. 3. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.)

Author(s): Kazinczi G, Beres I, Narwal SS

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 179-188 JUL 2001

Abstract: The genus Abutilon has more than 80 spp., distributed in tropical a,ld subtropical countries. Some spp. (e.g. A. asiaticum. A. indicum. A. persicum. A. theophrasti) are cultivated as crops for fibre and medicines in China and Tibet. The information about distribution of its 24 spp. is available. Abutilon theophrasti is major weed spp, which reduces the crops yields. It is propagated through seed. Bioassays, pot culture and field studies revealed that all plant parts viz., seed, shoot, root are toxic to crop plants and some fungal spp. Its glandular trichomes on stem and petioles exude very phytotoxic exudates. The quantity and phytotoxicity of exudate vary with site and climatic conditions. The allelochemicals have been identified as amino acids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and terpenoids, phytotoxic to germination and seedling growth of crops and have fungitoxic effects. The fungitoxic properties needs to be exploited for management of pathogens.

Author Keywords: Abutilon therophrasti; allelochemicals; crops; distribution; fungitoxicity; habitat; morphology; research; weed

KeyWords Plus: RESIDUES; SOYBEANS; GROWTH; WEED; CORN

Addresses: Kazinczi G (reprint author), Univ Veszprem, Fac Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, POB 71, Keszthely, H-8361 Hungary
Haryana Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India

Title: Allelopathic effects of legume cover crops on cogon grass (Imperata brasiliensis Trin.)

Author(s): Casini P, Olivero L

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 189-199 JUL 2001

Abstract: In bioassays and pot culture studies, the seed leachates, water extracts of residues and root exudates of legume cover crops viz., kudzu (Puereria phaseoloides. Roxb.), jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC) and velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis L.) influenced the germination and seedling growth of cogon grass (Imperata brasilinsis Trin.). In germination tests, the undiluted seed leachates of jackbean reduced the weed germination by 12%. The water extracts of shoot residues of all cover crops promoted the germination, while, the germination index was remarkably delayed by 22 and 26% with the highest concentration (4%) of extract of velvetbean and jackbean, respectively. Notable and significant increase in fresh weight (142% compared to control) was observed with the highest root extract concentration (4%) of jackbean. Whereas, the root exudates of jackbean and velvetbean significantly reduced the growth of cogon grass. Likewise, root exudates of jackbean and velvetbean drastically reduced the leaf area of cogon grass by 46 and 26%, respectively. The jackbean may be considered an important cover crop for management of cogon grass in the humid tropics. The allelopathic influence of jackbean is notable, starting from the seed inhibition through release of substances in seed leachates inhibiting the germination of I. brasiliensis.

Author Keywords: Canavalia ensiformis; Imperata brasiliensis; jackbean; mineral nutrition; Mucuna pruriens; Pueraria phaseoloides; root exudate; seed leachate; velvetbean; water extract

KeyWords Plus: CYLINDRICA L RAEUSCHEL; GERMINATION

Addresses: Casini P (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Agron & Gestione Territ Agrofore, Piazzale Cascine 18, Florence, I-50144 Italy
　

Title: Allelopathic effects of polyphenols released by Myriophyllum spicatum on the growth of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Author(s): Nakai S, Inoue Y, Hosomi M

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 201-209 JUL 2001

Abstract: We studied the allelopathic effects of 4 polyphenols viz., ellagic and gallic acids, (+)-catechin and pyrogallol released from Myriophyllum spicatum on the growth of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. It was found that 4-polyphenols together caused 17-100% allelopathic effect of M spicatum on M aeruginosa.

Author Keywords: allelopathy; cynobacteria; Myriophyllum spicatum; Microcystis aeruginosa

KeyWords Plus: CHARA

Addresses: Nakai S (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Agr, Fac Engn, Dept Chem Engn, 2-24-26 Naka, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588 Japan
　

Title: Comparison of physiological effects of allelochemicals and commercial herbicides

Author(s): Reigosa MJ, Gonzalez L, Sanches-Moreiras A, Duran B, Puime D, Fernandez DA, Bolano JC

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 211-220 JUL 2001

Abstract: The effects of application of allelochemicals (phenolic and hydroxamic acids) on physiological processes (photosynthesis, amino acids metabolism, osmotic adjustment, ion leakage from roots), growth and development of Lactuca sativa, Polygonum persicaria and Dactylis glomerata plants were compared with those of commercial herbicides. The allelochemicals affected many physiological processes. produced less intense effect and their effect persisted for a shorter period than herbicides. The cocktail effect of natural herbicides has been compared vis-a-vis with single site of action of synthetic molecules of commercial herbicides.

Author Keywords: allelochemicals; anions; cations; Dactylis glomerata; herbicides; hydroxamic acids; Lactuca sativa; phenolic acids; Polygonum persicaria

KeyWords Plus: CUCUMBER SEEDLINGS; MEMBRANE; ALLELOPATHY; ACIDS

Addresses: Reigosa MJ (reprint author), Univ Vigo, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Soil Sci, Apdo 874, Vigo, E-36200 Spain

Title: Mangiferin: an allelopathin from mango (Mangifera indica L.) leaves

Author(s): Venkateshwarlu G, Ravindra V, Challa P

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 221-224 JUL 2001

Author Keywords: allelopathin; allelopathic activity; bioassay guided; chlorophyll; okra; radish; mangiferin; Mangifera indica and wheat

Addresses: Venkateshwarlu G (reprint author), Indian Inst Hort Res, Div Plant Physiol & Biochem, Bangalore, Karnataka 560089 India

Title: Allelopathic effects of weeds on germination and growth of legumes and cereal crops of North Eastern Himalayas

Author(s): Bhatt BP, Tomar JMS, Misra LK

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (2): 225-231 JUL 2001

Author Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides; allelopathy; Ambrosia artemisifolia; Bidens pilosa; cereals; Drymeria cordata; Eupatorium odoratum; Galinsoga parviflora; germination; legumes; maize; Mikania micrantha; Physalis minima; Polygonum molle; rice; seedling growth; soybean; urid bean

Addresses: Bhatt BP (reprint author), ICAR Res Complex NEH Reg, Umiam, Meghalaya 793103 India
　

Title: Prof. E. L. Rice: A tribute and some reminiscences

Author(s): Narwal SS

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 3-10 JAN 2001

Document Type: Biographical-Item

Language: English

Cited References: 0      Times Cited: 0     

Abstract: Prof. Elory Leon Rice was most outstanding allelopathy scientist, who made it popular worldwide by writing classic nooks and conducting pioneer research. He played a pivotal role in starting the Allelopathy Journal and international Allelopathy Society. He was a very simple, honest and sincere scientist. Owing to his immense contributions in the development and popularizing allelopathy, he will he always remembered by Allelopathy scientists world over.

Author Keywords: allelopathy; allelopathy journal; biography; conferences; International Allelopathy Society; Norman; research; sustainable agriculture; tribute

Addresses: Narwal SS (reprint author), CCS Haryana Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
　

Title: Molecular-cellular mechanisms in pollen allelopathy

Author(s): Roshchina VV

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 11-28 JAN 2001

Abstract: Molecular-cellular basis of pollen allelopathy, related to possible chemosensory mechanisms has been discussed. The phenomenon consists of a series of events, viz., (I). excretion of signalling and regulatory substances from donor cell (pollens, pistil stigma), (II). recognition of specific signal-stimulus from plant excretions by acceptor cell (pollen or pistil stigma), (III). transmission of chemical information within the acceptor cell (pollen) and (IV). development of characteristic response in acceptor cell. If it is allelopathy, the changes occur in growth, development and normal fertilization. In the first stage of interactions, allelochemicals are excreted, which act as chemical signals, growth regulators and modulators of cellular metabolism, etc. The allelochemicals, acting on fertilization may be, nitrogen-containing substances (acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline), phenols [(flavonoids : quercetin, kaempferol, rutin) aromatic acids (benzoic, gallic, vanillic)], terpenoids (monoterpenes : citral, linalool, cymol), sesquiterpene lactones : azulene and proazulenes (desacetylinulicine, inulicine, ledol, artemisinine, grosshemine, gaillardine and austricine) and polyacetylenes (capilline) found in flower excretions and were tested in vitro and in vivo on pollen germination of Hippeastrum hybridum. Nitrogenous compounds stimulate the growth of pollen tube, whereas, their antagonists blocked normal fertilization and thus fruits or seeds did not form. Terpenoids act on pollen germination and their stimulatory and inhibitory effects (block fruit formation) depend on their concentration. These effects of terpenoids on pollen germination are through chemosignalling and possible steps are (I). spreading of information in pollen secretions e.g. in olfactory slime, (II). binding with special sensors or receptors in plasmalemma and (III). transfer of stimulus within the pollen cell to nucleus, where spermia appear and a pollen tube starts to grow. Moving from donor cell, allelochemicals penetrate the wall of acceptor cell either (I). directly (without any changes in protoplasmic membrane) or (II) after conversions [interaction with foreign substance of low or high-molecular weight (enzymes and protectory proteins) secreted from donor cells. or compounds of acceptor cell]. Often the second case includes free radical processes. The transmission of information within cell is third stage which includes participation of secondary messengers (cyclic AMP and GMP, inositol triphosphate, Ca ions) and some related enzymatic systems. The final transmission occurs in membranes. of cellular organelles, which respond to information received through changes in enzymatic activity and metabolism. At cellular level, in pollen and pistil it may be active excretion, changes in the autofluorescence and membrane permeability, regulation of alternative pathways in respiration and photosynthesis and switching on free radical processes.

Author Keywords: allelochemicals; chemosensory mechanisms; fertilization; generative cells; monoterpenes; neurotransmitters; nitrogenous substances; pollen and pistil interactions; pollen allelopathy; pollen germination; sesquiterpene lactones; terpenoids

KeyWords Plus: MICROSPECTROFLUOROMETRY; GERMINATION; INHIBITION; SECRETION; EXTRACT; GROWTH

Addresses: Roshchina VV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cell Biophys, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142292 Russia
　

Title: Allelopathic plants. 1. Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop]

Author(s): Kazinczi G, Beres I, Narwal SS

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 29-39 JAN 2001

Abstract: The genus Cirsium has more than 60 spp., all species are weeds and distributed in temperature and subtropical regions of the world. Cirsium arvense is most abnoxious weed and reduces productivity of crops, pastures and orchards. it grows in colonies and kills the original plants through allelopathic interactions. It propagates through roots and one plant can spread in 2 m(2) area by horizontal roots, it is allelopathic weed and inhibits the growth of associated crops due to release of phenolic compounds. In bioassays, pot culture and field studies, the biomass or its extracts inhibited germination and seedling growth of crops. The phytotoxicity of soil incorporated biomass persisted in soil upto 9 weeks.

Author Keywords: allelochemicals; autotoxicity; Cirsium spp.; crops; distribution; habitat; morphology; nematode management; research; weeds

Addresses: Kazinczi G (reprint author), Univ Veszprem, Georgikon Fac Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, POB 71, Keszthely, H-8361 Hungary
　

Title: Allelopathic plants. 2. Lespedeza cuneata

Author(s): Kalburtji KL, Mosjidis JA, Mamolos AP

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 41-49 JAN 2001

Abstract: Lespedeza cuneata is a perennial legume crop used to protect soil from erosion, beneficial to infertile soils and recommended for planting with some grasses to improve productivity. It is an allelopathic plant as evident from : (a). Establishment of some plants species in its crop field require high seed rates to overcome the inhibitory allelopathic effects of its root exudates or residues. (b). Nitrogen fertiliser is needed to compensate for allelopathic effects in early stages of succeeding crop. (c). Phenolic compounds (tannins) and other substances (i.e, organic acids, terpenoids) present in its plants are suspected allelopathic agents. Further investigations are needed to find out, to use these allelopathic effects of L. cuneata in a positive direction, such as pest control etc.

Author Keywords: allelochemicals; crop residues; grasses; legumes; phenolic compounds; root exudates; Lespedeza cuneata

KeyWords Plus: GRASSES

Addresses: Kalburtji KL (reprint author), Aristotelian Univ Salonika, Fac Agr, Ecol Lab, Salonika, GR-54006 Greece
　

Title: Allelopathy in replant problem in forest soil

Author(s): Zhang Q, Yu X

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 51-64 JAN 2001

Abstract: Plantation of Chinese-fir [Cunninghamia lanceolate (Lamb.)Hook] on woodland for several continuous rotations reduced the productivity and increased the infestation of plant pathogen. Several factors have been identified to be responsible, directly or indirectly for such repeated plantation problems. In this study, we examined the interaction effects of such direct and indirect factors on Chinese-fir seedling growth and determined the importance of allelopathic and biotic factors in repeated plantation problems. Effects of soil extracts from such plantation woodlands of Chinese-fir on Chinese-fir seedling growth, soil fungi growth, the activities of microbial communities and rates of net soil nitrogen mineralization were determined. Soil extracts from these woodlands significantly decreased the growth of Chinese-fir seedlings, inhibited soil nan-pathogenic fungi growth, reduced soil respiration and net soil nitrogen mineralization rates. Inoculation steam sterilized soil with the pathogenic fungi caused significant reduction in the growth of Chinese-fir. However. soil extracts from these woodlands increased the growth of pathogenic fungi. The combination of soil extracts and pathogen fungi did not significantly increased die growth of Chinese-fir seedlings, when compared to the combination of soil extract and pathogenic fungi. Five allelochemicals viz.. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid and vannilic acid were isolated and identified. The results suggests that soil allelopathy rather than pathogenic fungi is the key factor regulating the productivity and nutrient cycling in repented plantation woodlands.

Author Keywords: allelopathy; pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi; replanted woodland; soil extracts

KeyWords Plus: CITRUS-AURANTIUM L; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; POTENTIAL ROLE

Addresses: Zhang Q (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Soil Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43202 USA;Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ecol Programme, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA

Title: Nematotoxic effect of Acacia auriculiformis and Artemisia nilagirica against root-knot nematodes

Author(s): Sukul NC, Sinhababu SP, Datta SC, Nandi B, Sukul A

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 65-71 JAN 2001

Abstract: Ethanol extracts from the funicles of Acacia auriculiformis and the flowering meristems of Artemisia nilagirica were tested in vivo on the mot-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita. The active principles of A. auriculiformis and A. nilagirica are acaciasides and santonin, respectively. The extract from A. auriculiformis reduced the root-knot disease of mulberry, (Morus alba L.) and increased the protein content of its leaves. A. nilagirica extract at ultra high dilutions, called Cina 200 and Cina 1000, reduced the root-knot disease and improved the growth of tomato plants. Electronic spectra of Cina 1000 and the crude extract called Cina Q showed some similarity in absorbance intensity and spectral pattern Molecular complexation and charge transfer interaction between the drug and the diluent medium (90% ethanol) are thought to be responsible for the spectral pattern and absorbance of Cina 1000. The spin lattice relaxation time (T-1) of H-2 of OH, CH2 and CH3 of ethanol in Cina 1000 showed significant difference From that of 90% ethanol. This change in T-1 in Cina 1000 might be due to a change in the rate of tumbling in the relevant parts of the molecule. These physical parameters are thought to be responsible for the biological effect of Cina 1000.

Author Keywords: Acacia auriculiformis; Artemisia nilagirica; Cina 200; Cina 1000; electronic spectra; Meloidogyne incognita; mulberry; NMR spectra; T-1 values; tomato

KeyWords Plus: RESISTANCE; TOMATO; PLANTS

Addresses: Sukul NC (reprint author), Visva Bharati Univ, Dept Zool, Santiniketan, W Bengal 731235 India
　

Title: Effects of aqueous extracts of Anadenanthera peregrina (L) Speg. on seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L)

Author(s): de Abreu JC, Davide LC, Davide AC, Souza IF

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 73-78 JAN 2001

Author Keywords: allelopathy; Anadenanthera peregrina; germination; Lactuca sativa; seedling growth

Addresses: Davide LC (reprint author), Univ Vale do Rio Verde, Tres Coracoes, MG BR-37410000 Brazil

Title: Effect of triacontanol on seed germination and seedling growth of Acacia auriculiformis, Eucalyptus citriodora and Swietenia mahagoni

Author(s): Raichur RR, Vyakaranahal BS, Shekhargouda M, Patil SA, Hunje R

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 79-83 JAN 2001

Author Keywords: Acacia auriculiformis; dry weight; Eucalyptus citriodora; germination; root length; shoot length; Swietenia mahagoni; triacontanol

Addresses: Vyakaranahal BS (reprint author), Univ Agr Sci, Dept Seed Sci & Technol, Dharwad, Karnataka 580005 India
　

Title: Effect of aqueous extracts of winter weed species on nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) germination and growth

Author(s): Varshney JG, Singh BD, Prakash OM

Source: ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL 8 (1): 85-88 JAN 2001

Author Keywords: Allelopathy; biomass; Anagallis arvensis; Chenopodium album; Convolvulus arvensis; nutsedge

Addresses: Varshney JG (reprint author), Indian Inst Pulses Res, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024 India